What defines metabolic syndrome?

Metabolic syndrome is primarily defined by the presence of obesity, particularly central obesity, and insulin resistance, which leads to a cluster of metabolic abnormalities. This condition increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, and other health issues. Central obesity, often measured by waist circumference, indicates the accumulation of fat around the abdomen, which is linked to metabolic dysfunction. Insulin resistance refers to the body's decreased ability to respond to insulin, leading to higher blood glucose levels, and is often associated with obesity.

The characteristics of metabolic syndrome also include elevated blood pressure, elevated fasting blood glucose levels, and abnormal lipid profiles, including high triglycerides and low HDL cholesterol levels. By encompassing obesity and insulin resistance, understanding them as key features of metabolic syndrome allows for appropriate screening, diagnosis, and management of individuals at risk of serious metabolic disorders.