What imaging study is commonly used to evaluate the adrenal glands?

The commonly used imaging study to evaluate the adrenal glands is a CT scan or MRI. These modalities are particularly useful due to their high sensitivity and specificity in detecting adrenal abnormalities, such as tumors, hyperplasia, or hemorrhages.

CT scans provide detailed cross-sectional images of the body, allowing for clear visualization of the adrenal glands and an assessment of their size, shape, and any potential lesions. MRI is also beneficial, particularly in differentiating between cystic and solid adrenal masses, due to its superior soft tissue contrast.

In contrast, ultrasound may not be as effective for assessing adrenal pathology because of overlying structures and patient body habitus, and it generally has a limited role in evaluation compared to CT and MRI. X-rays are not suitable for adrenal imaging because they lack the necessary detail and cannot provide specific information on the soft tissue structures of the adrenal glands. A DEXA scan, designed to assess bone density, is entirely unrelated to adrenal evaluation. Thus, the correct answer underscores the importance of advanced imaging techniques in effectively diagnosing adrenal disorders.