What is the most common cause of secondary hypertension?

The most common cause of secondary hypertension is kidney disease. Secondary hypertension refers to high blood pressure that is a result of an underlying condition, as opposed to primary hypertension, which has no identifiable cause.

Kidney disease can lead to hypertension for several reasons. When the kidneys are damaged, they may not filter blood effectively, leading to fluid retention and increased blood volume, which raises blood pressure. Additionally, conditions like renal artery stenosis can cause the kidneys to release hormones that increase blood pressure.

While obstructive sleep apnea, primary hyperaldosteronism, and Cushing's syndrome are important causes of secondary hypertension, kidney disease remains the predominant cause in clinical practice. Its widespread prevalence makes it a significant condition to monitor and manage in patients with hypertension. Understanding the connection between kidney function and blood pressure is crucial in identifying and treating secondary hypertension effectively.